A1C Calculator
Convert between A1C and estimated average glucose (eAG) in mg/dL or mmol/L. Enter either one and see all the units side by side, along with the range your A1C falls in.
Your conversion
Estimated average glucose
154 mg/dL
8.6 mmol/L, from an A1C of 7.0%.
- A1C (you entered)
- 7.0%
- A1C (IFCC)
- 53 mmol/mol
- eAG
- 154 mg/dL
- eAG
- 8.6 mmol/L
Where this A1C falls
| Range | A1C | Your result |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | Below 5.7% | |
| Prediabetes | 5.7% to 6.4% | |
| Diabetes | 6.5% or higher | Your A1C |
These ranges are used to screen for and diagnose diabetes. A diagnosis needs a laboratory test confirmed by a health care professional. Many adults with diabetes have a personal A1C goal, often below 7%, but your goal may be different.
This calculator gives an estimate for information only. It is not medical advice and cannot diagnose or treat any condition. Talk to your health care team about your A1C results and your own goals.
What are A1C and eAG?
A1C is a blood test that shows your average blood glucose over about the past two to three months. It is reported as a percentage, such as 7%. Glucose meters report each reading in mg/dL or mmol/L instead, which makes the two hard to compare. Estimated average glucose, or eAG, solves this by converting your A1C into the same units as your meter. This free A1C calculator converts in both directions between A1C (in % or mmol/mol) and eAG (in mg/dL or mmol/L), and shows where your A1C falls in the standard ranges. It uses the relationship from the A1c-Derived Average Glucose (ADAG) study, published by Nathan and colleagues in Diabetes Care in 2008.
How to use the A1C calculator
- Choose what you have. Pick A1C in % or mmol/mol, or average glucose in mg/dL or mmol/L.
- Type the value. The unit is shown inside the box.
- Read the conversion. You get the converted value, all four units side by side, and the A1C range it falls in.
A1C to eAG formulas
- A1C to eAG in mg/dL
- eAG = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7
- eAG to A1C
- A1C = (eAG + 46.7) ÷ 28.7
- mg/dL to mmol/L
- mmol/L = mg/dL ÷ 18.016
- A1C % to mmol/mol
- mmol/mol = (A1C − 2.15) × 10.929
For example, an A1C of 7% gives 28.7 × 7 − 46.7 = 154.2, so an eAG of 154 mg/dL. Dividing by 18.016 gives 8.6 mmol/L, and 7% equals 53 mmol/mol.
A1C and eAG conversion chart
| A1C (%) | A1C (mmol/mol) | eAG (mg/dL) | eAG (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.0 | 31 | 97 | 5.4 |
| 5.5 | 37 | 111 | 6.2 |
| 6.0 | 42 | 126 | 7.0 |
| 6.5 | 48 | 140 | 7.8 |
| 7.0 | 53 | 154 | 8.6 |
| 7.5 | 58 | 169 | 9.4 |
| 8.0 | 64 | 183 | 10.2 |
| 8.5 | 69 | 197 | 10.9 |
| 9.0 | 75 | 212 | 11.7 |
| 9.5 | 80 | 226 | 12.5 |
| 10.0 | 86 | 240 | 13.3 |
| 10.5 | 91 | 255 | 14.1 |
| 11.0 | 97 | 269 | 14.9 |
| 11.5 | 102 | 283 | 15.7 |
| 12.0 | 108 | 298 | 16.5 |
The values are calculated with the formulas above. Printed charts may differ from them by 0.1 mmol/L in a few rows because of rounding.
A1C ranges
| Range | A1C |
|---|---|
| Normal | Below 5.7% |
| Prediabetes | 5.7% to 6.4% |
| Diabetes | 6.5% or higher |
These ranges are used to screen for and diagnose diabetes, and a diagnosis needs a laboratory test confirmed by a health care professional. If you have diabetes, your own A1C goal is set with your health care team. Many adults are advised to aim for below 7%, but the right target depends on your age, health, and treatment.
Why eAG can differ from your meter readings
eAG is an estimate from a large study, so it describes the typical average glucose for a given A1C. Your own readings depend on when you test, and glucose changes through the day. A1C also puts more weight on recent weeks than on older ones. The numbers are often close, but a difference does not mean that either one is wrong.
What can make A1C less reliable
- Anemia and other conditions that change the number or lifespan of red blood cells.
- Some hemoglobin variants, which can affect certain A1C methods.
- Recent blood loss or a blood transfusion.
- Pregnancy, when A1C may be lower and glucose is usually monitored more closely.
- Kidney disease.
If one of these applies to you, ask your doctor whether another test is better for you.
What this calculator can and cannot do
It converts between units with a published formula and shows the standard A1C ranges. It does not diagnose or treat any condition, and it does not replace advice from your doctor or diabetes care team. The formula is an average from a study, so the result for any one person can differ.
A1C terms explained
- A1C (HbA1c)
- The percentage of hemoglobin in your blood that has glucose attached. It reflects your average glucose over about two to three months.
- eAG
- Estimated average glucose: your A1C expressed in mg/dL or mmol/L, the units used by glucose meters.
- mg/dL
- Milligrams of glucose per deciliter of blood. Used in the United States.
- mmol/L
- Millimoles of glucose per liter of blood. Used in many other countries.
- mmol/mol
- The international (IFCC) unit for reporting A1C.
- Prediabetes
- Blood glucose that is higher than normal but not yet in the diabetes range.
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Frequently asked questions
What is A1C?
A1C, also called HbA1c or glycated hemoglobin, is a blood test that shows your average blood glucose over about the past two to three months. It measures the percentage of your hemoglobin that has glucose attached to it. A higher percentage means higher average glucose.
What is estimated average glucose (eAG)?
eAG is your A1C expressed in the same units as the readings on a glucose meter, either mg/dL or mmol/L. It was introduced so that an A1C result can be understood in the same terms as daily glucose readings. It is an estimate based on a large study, not a measurement of your own daily average.
How do I convert A1C to blood sugar?
Use the formula eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7. For example, an A1C of 7% gives 28.7 × 7 − 46.7 = 154.2, so about 154 mg/dL. To get mmol/L, divide the mg/dL value by 18.016, which gives about 8.6 mmol/L. The calculator does this for you.
How do I convert average glucose back to A1C?
Reverse the formula: A1C = (eAG in mg/dL + 46.7) ÷ 28.7. If your value is in mmol/L, multiply it by 18.016 first. For example, 154 mg/dL gives (154 + 46.7) ÷ 28.7, which is about 7.0%.
What A1C ranges are normal, prediabetes, and diabetes?
An A1C below 5.7% is in the normal range, 5.7% to 6.4% is in the prediabetes range, and 6.5% or higher is in the diabetes range. A diagnosis needs a laboratory test confirmed by a health care professional, so use these ranges for information only.
What is a good A1C if I have diabetes?
Many adults with diabetes are advised to aim for an A1C below 7%, but the right goal depends on your age, other health conditions, and the risk of low blood sugar. Some people have a lower or higher target. Ask your health care team what your goal should be.
What is the difference between A1C in % and in mmol/mol?
They are two ways of reporting the same test. Percent is used in the United States, and mmol/mol (the IFCC unit) is used in many other countries. The conversion is mmol/mol = (A1C % − 2.15) × 10.929, so 7% is about 53 mmol/mol.
Why is my meter average different from my eAG?
eAG is calculated from your A1C and is based on average results in a study. Your meter average depends on when and how often you test, and glucose readings change during the day. A1C also gives more weight to recent weeks. The two numbers are often close, but they do not have to match.
Can anything make A1C unreliable?
Yes. Conditions that change red blood cells, such as anemia, some hemoglobin variants, recent blood loss or transfusion, pregnancy, and kidney disease, can make A1C read higher or lower than your real average glucose. If you have one of these, ask your doctor whether another test is better for you.
How often should I have my A1C checked?
It depends on your situation. Many people who are meeting their goals have the test about twice a year, and people who have changed treatment or are not meeting their goals are often tested every three months. Follow your health care team’s advice.
Can this calculator diagnose diabetes?
No. It only converts between units using a published formula and shows the standard A1C ranges for information. Diabetes is diagnosed with laboratory tests and a clinician’s assessment.